Evaluation of Various Nitrogen Indices in N-Fertilizers with Inhibitors in Field Crops: A Review

Nitrogen (N) management remains a global challenge for the sustainability of diversified farming systems. Field crops are often over-supplied with nitrogen by farmers aiming to high productivity. Although increase rates leads in many instances yields, degree effectiveness use low. Urease and nitrification inhibitors technologies which have been present fertilizers market at least 50 years. Inhibitors exploitation ensures long-term release improved N-uptake plants N-storage seeds silage. Avail inhibitors, such as decline leaching form NO3−, reduction emissions NH3 form, rise yield, some desirable attributes that derived from their integration fertilization schedules. This review reports evaluation applied nitrogen, field based on indices. The examined N-indicators include efficiency (NUE), Utilization Efficiency (NUtE,) Agronomic (NAE), Harvest Index (NHI), N uptake. gathered all, best our knowledge, available data regarding utilization urease under an exclusively agronomic perspective. Either dual or single has reported significantly yield components promote To conclude, assessment N-related indices is vital promoting systems, while national fertilizations schemes may contribute system profitability through enhancement N-supply crops.